ABSTRACT
The differentiation, architecture and function of the mucosa of the digestive tract is the result of close interactions between the epithelial cells and their underlying connective tissue. This interaction not only plays a role in the normal morphological organization of the intestinal mucosa but also in the organization and maturation of the enterocytes, the development of some of their enzymatic activities, the transport of nutriens and the restitution of the epithelium following denudation of the surface of villi due to loss of enterocytes. It is thought that disturbances of the cells of the connective tissue, especially of the myofibroblasts as well as of some of the above mentioned mechanisms, participate in the pathogenesis of some gastrointestinal diseases, celiac disease among them. This review summarizes some of the knowledge in this area
Subject(s)
Humans , Connective Tissue , Intestinal Mucosa , Celiac Disease/physiopathology , Basement Membrane , Fibroblasts , Intestinal MucosaABSTRACT
Mutaciones en el gen del receptor de andrógenos (Xq 11-12) originan insensibilidad a estos esteroides. El cultivo de fibroblastos de piel genital permite analizar in vitro la capacidad de respuesta a andrógenos de los individuos, ya que dichas células expresan el receptor para el esteroide; en nuestro medio no se realiza este tipo de estudios. El objetivo de este trabajo fue establecer dicha metodología y estudiar las propiedades de unión y de respuesta a andrógenos de individuos 46XY normales, con hipospadia o con resistencia a andrógenos. Las células en cultivo demostraron las propiedades características de fibroblastos, con propiedades de unión de andrógenos comparables a las descritas por otros autores. El promedio del valor de la constante de disociación fue 4,02ñ3,4 x 10-10 M. La unión máxima en el grupo control (41,3ñ23 fmol/mg proteína), no fue en promedio, diferente a los grupos con hipospadia y resistencia a andrógenos (39,3ñ32 y 34,1ñ20, respectivamente), pero la unión luego de un tramiento con andrógenos (24 h), fue mayor en el grupo control. Se concluye que esta técnica es práctica para la medición de algunos parámetros, necesarios para el diagnóstico de desórdenes asociados a defectos de la acción de andrógenos
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Androgens , Fibroblast Growth Factors/analysis , In Vitro Techniques , Disorders of Sex Development/diagnosis , Disorders of Sex Development/diagnosis , Hypospadias/diagnosisABSTRACT
In the last 15 years, autologous cryopreserved bone marrow has been extensively used to reestablish hematopoiesis after myeloablative therapies in patients with lñeukemia lymphomas or solid tumors. Recently, the use of stem cells obtained from peripheral blood has become an additional source of autologous stem cells for patients, with bone marrow diseases as well as for patients with mammary or ovarian cancer, after high dose chemotheray. The use of this therapy has created the need of implementing laboratory procedures (ex vivo) to concentrate, purify, cryopreserve and evaluate the hematopoietic stem cell and eliminate tumoral cells. This article reviews these procedures, available in Chile at the present time, and comments on the impact of its use in autologous bone marrow or peripheral blood stem cell transplantations in an estimated population of 300 patients per year